A common question for cancer patients is, “How did I get this disease?”

Many wonder, "Could it have been prevented? Was it pre-determined in my family history? Or, was it just plain bad luck?"

As an oncologist, we can sometimes answer these questions, but in many instances, we just don’t know. What we can tell you is that statistically:

• One-third of all cancers are tobacco-related
• 90% of lung cancers are tobacco-related
• Lung cancer accounts for 25% of all cancers
• Recent research indicates smoking can leave a “footprint” in your genes even 30 years later

So, the reality is, the simple lifestyle choice of smoking affects a significant portion of cancers in the United States.

Another major contributing lifestyle factor is obesity and lack of exercise. Affecting about 20% of all cancer, obesity is commonly associated with breast, prostate and kidney cancers. How does obesity relate to an elevated risk of cancer? Fat tissue produces excess amounts of estrogen, which has been linked to increased instances of breast and ovarian cancer. Additionally, obesity is often associated with chronic low-level inflammation which can damage DNA cells over time and lead to cancer.

Reports currently link Louisiana with some of the highest rates of obesity in the country. One in 4 Louisiana adults is considered obese, and our state ranks in the top 10 U.S. states for both adult and childhood obesity. This correlates to the fact that we traditionally have high cancer rates as well. Perhaps equally as illuminating, studies are showing that even moderate exercise can help protect against approximately 13 different cancers.

Even though about half of all cancers can be lifestyle-related, your genes or family history play a significant role as well. If you have a family history of a certain type of cancer, it is extremely important for you to discuss that with your physician for the appropriate screening guidelines, as you may be at higher risk. The cancers most notably associated with genes are:

• Breast
• Ovarian
• Colon
• Endometriosis

And the last question: Was my cancer just back luck? Unfortunately, this answer is quite possibly but we just don’t always know. Some cancers form with no family history and in people who don’t smoke, eat right and exercise. That’s why Ochsner participates in important clinical trials so that we can learn more about how these diseases develop and how we can treat them.

By knowing that at least half of all cancers are lifestyle-related, including smoking, obesity and lack of exercise, you can significantly reduce your cancer risk by taking care of yourself. Couple this with being aware of your family history and following your personal screening guidelines and you can detect your cancer very early, oftentimes making it much more treatable.

Editors note: This article was originally published on Sep. 27, 2016.